What is the irony (according to machiavelli’s view) of the reputation of liberality (being generous) and miserliness (being stingy)?

1. How is Machiavelli’s notion of virtue and vice (what brings praise and what brings blame) different from those who have come before him? Explain.
2. What is the irony (according to Machiavelli’s view) of the reputation of liberality (being generous) and miserliness (being stingy)?
Situational Irony is a situation/action where the exact opposite of the expected happens.
3. According to Machiavelli, why is it better to be feared than loved? Explain.