When

Book
and
Chapter
Titles:
Use
italics
(not quote
marks)
for
book
titles:
On
Course
Use
quote
marks
for
chapter, essay,
poem
and
story titles:
“Self-­‐Responsibility”
Quote
Marks:
Punctuation
goes
inside
quote
marks:
Chapter
3,
“Habit
2:
Begin
with
the
End
in
Mind,”
is
centered
around
discovering
your
goals
in
life. Quote
marks
must
be
used
every
time you
include
words
from
another
source unless
you
paraphrase
(putting
all
major
words/concepts
in
your
own
words). If
there’s
a
Citation with
the
quote,
punctuation
goes
after
the
citation
only:
Downing
argues
that
“there’s
always
a
wise
choice”
(Downing
26).
Avoid
Plagiarism.
You
MUST
use
quote
marks
and
page
citations
for
any
words
that
come
from
a
book/article/published
source:
Stephen
Covey
writes
that
“Management
is
doing
things
right,
and
leadership
is
doing
the
right
things”
(48).
Quote
marks
will
go
at
the
end
of
the
quoted
words,
not
after
the
citation.
The
period
goes
only
at
the
end
of
the
sentence,
after
the
citation,
so
that
there
are
not
two
periods
for
a
single
sentence.
If
it
is
a
non-­‐cited
quote,
the
period
goes
inside
the
final
quote
mark:
As
I
often
say,
“Remember
to
start
your
homework
early.”
Independent
Clause:
An
independent clause
has
a main
subject-­‐verb
that
go
together, and
it
can
stand
alone
(is
“independent”)
because
it
is
a
complete
idea.
I
ate
my
lunch.
Subject:
I;
Verb:
ate;
Complete
Idea:
What
did
I
eat?
I
ate
my
lunch.
Dependent
Clause:
A dependent
clause
has
a
main
subject-­‐verb
that
go
together
but
cannot
stand
alone
(is
“dependent:)
because
it
does
not
have
a
complete
idea.
A
Dependent
Clause
begins
with
a
subordinator (Subordinating
Conjunction
or
Subordinator) such
as
When,
Because,
Since,
Although or
others.
When
I
ate
my
lunch…
Because
I
ate
my
lunch…
Although
I
ate
my
lunch.
None
of
the
above
clauses
are
independent
because
they
are
not
yet
complete.
When
I
ate
my
lunch,
I
sat
at
a
table
outside.
Because
I
ate
my
lunch,
I
was
ready
to
study
another
hour.
Although
I
ate
my
lunch,
I
was
still
hungry.
Fragments: Every
sentence
must
contain
a
subject,
verb
and
complete
idea.
Phrase
Fragment:
(A
phrase
is
a
group
of
words)
It
needs
a
subject-­‐verb to
be
a
sentence.
Fragment:
Three
red
cars.
Correct:
I
saw
three
red
cars.
Clause
Fragment:
(A
clause
has
a
main
subject-­‐verb) It
needs
a
complete
idea to
be
a
sentence. Fragment:
When
I
went
home.
Correct:
I
slept
when
I
went
home. The
dependent
clause
must
have
an
independent
clause
added
to
complete
the
main
idea.
Run-­‐On
Sentences: Two
independent
clauses
tha